base, basis, foundation, ground

名詞 base:

1. any of various water-soluble compounds capable of turning litmus blue and reacting with an acid to form a salt and water
   同義詞：alkali
2. installation from which a military force initiates operations
   同義詞：base of operations
3. lowest support of a structure
   同義詞：foundation, fundament, foot, groundwork, substructure, understructure
4. place that runner must touch before scoring
   同義詞：bag
5. (numeration system) the positive integer that is equivalent to one in the next higher counting place
   同義詞：radix
6. the bottom or lowest part
7. (anatomy) the part of an organ nearest its point of attachment
8. a lower limit
   同義詞：floor
9. the fundamental assumptions from which something is begun or developed or calculated or explained
   同義詞：basis, foundation, fundament, groundwork, cornerstone
10. a support or foundation
    同義詞：pedestal, stand
11. the bottom side of a geometric figure from which the altitude can be constructed
12. the most important or necessary part of something
    同義詞：basis
13. the place where you are stationed and from which missions start and end
    同義詞：home
14. a terrorist network intensely opposed to the United States that dispenses money and logistical support and training to a wide variety of radical Islamic terrorist groups; has cells in more than 50 countries
    同義詞：al-Qaeda, Qaeda, al-Qa'ida, al-Qaida
15. (linguistics) the form of a word after all affixes are removed
    同義詞：root, root word, stem, theme, radical
16. the stock of basic facilities and capital equipment needed for the functioning of a country or area
    同義詞：infrastructure
17. the principal ingredient of a mixture
18. a flat bottom on which something is intended to sit
19. (electronics) the part of a transistor that separates the emitter from the collector

動(dòng)詞 base:

1. use as a basis for; found on
   同義詞：establish, ground, found
2. use (purified cocaine) by burning it and inhaling the fumes
   同義詞：free-base
3. assign to a station
   同義詞：station, post, send, place

形容詞 base:

1. serving as or forming a base
   同義詞：basal
2. (used of metals) consisting of or alloyed with inferior metal
3. of low birth or station (`base' is archaic in this sense)
   同義詞：baseborn, humble, lowly
4. not adhering to ethical or moral principles
   同義詞：dishonorable, dishonourable, immoral, unethical
5. having or showing an ignoble lack of honor or morality
   同義詞：mean, meanspirited
6. illegitimate
   同義詞：baseborn
7. debased; not genuine

1. Her reply caught him off base.
   她的答覆使他不知所措。
2. His base conduct was condemned by everyone.
   他的無恥行為受到所有人的譴責(zé)。
3. This film is based on a novel by D.H.Lawrence.
   這部影片是根據(jù)D.H.勞倫斯的小說改編的。
4. How many military bases are they maintaining on foreign soil?
   他們?cè)谕鈬３侄嗌賯€(gè)軍事基地？
5. Many languages have Latin as their base.
   許多語言都以拉丁語為基礎(chǔ)。

base

n.Abbr. b.,B.（名詞）縮寫 b.,B.

The lowest or bottom part:
底部：最低的部分或最底部：
例句：
the base of a cliff; the base of a lamp.
懸崖腳；燈的底座

Biology The part of an animal or plant organ nearest its point of attachment.
【生物學(xué)】 基部：動(dòng)物或植物的器官最近結(jié)合點(diǎn)的部分

A supporting part or layer; a foundation:
地基：支撐的部分或支持的層；基礎(chǔ)：
例句：
a skyscraper built on a base of solid rock.
建筑在堅(jiān)實(shí)巖石基礎(chǔ)上的摩天高樓

A basic or underlying element; infrastructure:
基本要素：基礎(chǔ)元素；某一系統(tǒng)的各要素：
例句：
the nation`s industrial base.
國家的工業(yè)基礎(chǔ)

The fundamental principle or underlying concept of a system or theory; a basis.
基本成份：一個(gè)系統(tǒng)或理論的基本要素或基本概念；基礎(chǔ)
A fundamental ingredient; a chief constituent:
基本成分；主要成分：
例句：
a paint with an oil base.
以油彩為主的繪畫

The fact, observation, or premise from which a reasoning process is begun.
前提條件：進(jìn)行推理過程所需的事實(shí)、觀察及前提

Games A starting point, safety area, or goal.
【游戲】 起點(diǎn)，目標(biāo)：出發(fā)點(diǎn)，安全場(chǎng)地或終點(diǎn)
Baseball Any one of the four corners of an infield, marked by a bag or plate, that must be touched by a runner before a run can be scored.
【棒球】 壘：棒球內(nèi)場(chǎng)的四個(gè)角中的一個(gè)，用一個(gè)袋或盤作標(biāo)記，跑著得分之前，跑者必須觸摸到它
A center of organization, supply, or activity; a headquarters.
總部：組織中心，供應(yīng)中心或活動(dòng)中心；總部

A fortified center of operations.
中心：設(shè)防的操作中心
A supply center for a large force of military personnel.
基地：大量軍事人員武裝部隊(duì)的供應(yīng)中心
Architecture The lowest part of a structure, such as a wall, considered as a separate unit:
【建筑學(xué)】 底座：建筑物的最底層部分，比如墻，被看作隔離的單位：
例句：
the base of a column.
柱基

Heraldry The lower part of a shield.
【紋章學(xué)】 盾牌的底部
Linguistics A morpheme or morphemes regarded as a form to which affixes or other bases may be added.
【語言學(xué)】 詞素，字根：詞素，它被看作詞綴或其它詞根可以加上的詞形
Mathematics
【數(shù)學(xué)】
The side or face of a geometric figure to which an altitude is or is thought to be drawn.
底面，底邊：幾何圖形的邊或面，在上面可以畫出或被認(rèn)為可以畫出其高度
The number that is raised to various powers to generate the principal counting units of a number system.
乘方數(shù)：被提升到各種乘方上，產(chǎn)生數(shù)字系統(tǒng)內(nèi)基本計(jì)算規(guī)則的數(shù)字
The number raised to the logarithm of a designated number in order to produce that designated number.
底：被升到指定數(shù)字的對(duì)數(shù)上的數(shù)量，是為了得到那被指定的數(shù)目
A line used as a reference for measurement or computations.
基線：測(cè)量或計(jì)算中用來作為輔助的線
Chemistry
【化學(xué)】
Any of a large class of compounds, including the hydroxides and oxides of metals, having a bitter taste, a slippery solution, the ability to turn litmus blue, and the ability to react with acids to form salts.
堿，鹽基：一種有許多化合物的化學(xué)物，它含有金屬氫氧化物和金屬氧化物，帶有苦味，溶液較滑，能使石蕊試紙變藍(lán)，并能與酸反應(yīng)生成鹽
A molecular or ionic substance capable of combining with a proton to form a new substance.
化合物：能與質(zhì)子結(jié)合形成一種新物質(zhì)的分子化合物或離子化合物
A substance that provides a pair of electrons for a covalent bond with an acid.
共價(jià)化合物：能夠提供一對(duì)電子給一個(gè)酸形成共價(jià)鍵的化合物
Electronics
【電子學(xué)】
The region in a transistor between the emitter and the collector.
基極：晶體管中發(fā)射極和集電極之間的區(qū)域
The electrode attached to this region.
晶體管內(nèi)的電子：附著在晶體管這個(gè)區(qū)域的電子
One of the purines (adenine and guanine) or pyrimidines (cystosine, thymine, and uracil) that occurs attached to the sugar component of DNA or RNA.
堿基：嘌呤（腺嘌呤和鳥嘌呤）或嘧啶（胸嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和尿嘧啶）的一種，附著在脫氧核糖核酸或核糖核酸的糖分子上
adj.（形容詞）
Forming or serving as a base:
底部的：形成基礎(chǔ)或作為基礎(chǔ)的：
例句：
a base layer of soil.
底層土壤

Situated at or near the base or bottom:
在底部的：位于底部的，位于低部附近的：
例句：
a base camp for the mountain climbers.
給登山者用的扎營基地

v.tr.（及物動(dòng)詞）
based,bas.ing,bas.es
To form or provide a base for:
設(shè)立：形成…的基礎(chǔ)，提供…的基礎(chǔ)：
例句：
based the new company in Portland.
在波特蘭設(shè)立公司

To find a basis for; establish:
以…為基礎(chǔ)：發(fā)現(xiàn)…的基礎(chǔ)；建立，創(chuàng)立：
例句：
based her conclusions on the report; a film based on a best-selling novel.
根據(jù)報(bào)告作為她的結(jié)論；一部以暢銷小說為題材的影片

To assign to a base; station:
部署：指派到基地；站崗：
例句：
troops based in the Middle East.
部署在中東的部隊(duì)

<習(xí)慣用語>off base
Badly mistaken.
犯大錯(cuò)誤的
來源：
Middle English
中古英語
from Old French
源自 古法語
from Latin basis
源自 拉丁語 basis
from Greek * see g w3-
源自 希臘語 *參見 g w3-

<參考詞匯><同義詞>base,basis,foundation,ground,groundworkThese nouns all pertain to what underlies and supports.
這些名詞都與基礎(chǔ)與支撐物有關(guān)。
Base is applied chiefly to material objects:
Base 主要指物體基礎(chǔ)：
例句：
amazed by the size of the monument`s base.
驚訝于紀(jì)念碑基部的巨大。

Basis is used in a nonphysical sense:
Basis 用來指非物質(zhì)方面的基礎(chǔ)：
例句：
.The basis of a democratic state is liberty. (Aristotle).
.民主國家的基礎(chǔ)是自由. （亞里士多德）。

Foundation applies physically(the foundation of a house) and figuratively (a statement without foundation in fact) . It often stresses firmness of support for something of relative magnitude:
Foundation 指物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)如：（房基） 及用作比喻：（沒有事實(shí)基礎(chǔ)的聲明） 。 它經(jīng)常被用來強(qiáng)調(diào)相關(guān)數(shù)量事物基礎(chǔ)的穩(wěn)固和堅(jiān)固：
例句：
.Our flagrant disregard for the law attacks the foundation of this society. (Peter D. Relic).
.我們明顯地忽視法律對(duì)這個(gè)社會(huì)的基礎(chǔ)是一種攻擊. （彼特·D·瑞利科）。

Ground may denote an actual working surface,as in art(a white design on a blue ground) ; more often it is used figuratively in the sense of a justifiable reason:
Ground 表示一種實(shí)際的起作用的表面，如在藝術(shù)中（藍(lán)底上的白色圖案） ； 經(jīng)常更多地用作比喻，表示合理的原因、正當(dāng)?shù)囊罁?jù)或理由：
例句：
grounds for divorce.
離婚的正當(dāng)理由。

Groundwork is most often applied figuratively, in the sense of a necessary preliminary:
Groundwork 最常用作比喻，表示必需的開端：
例句：
laid the groundwork for future negotiations.
為將來的談判奠定基礎(chǔ)


---------------另--------------
base
base 2

adj.（形容詞）
bas.er,bas.est

Having or showing a contemptible, mean-spirited, or selfish lack of human decency.See Synonyms at mean 2
卑賤的：具有或表現(xiàn)出可鄙的，卑賤的，卑鄙的自私的而沒有人的可敬的行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。參見 mean2
Devoid of high values or ethics:
情感不高尚的，沒有道德規(guī)范的，墮落的：
例句：
a base, degrading way of life.
墮落的生活方式

Inferior in value or quality.
卑劣的：價(jià)值或數(shù)量低劣的
Containing inferior substances:
攙雜的：含有劣等物質(zhì)的，不純的：
例句：
a base metal.
一塊不純的金屬

Archaic Of low birth, rank, or position.
【古語】 出身、職位、地位卑賤的
Obsolete Short in stature.
【廢語】 個(gè)子矮的
n.Obsolete （名詞）【廢語】
A bass singer or voice.
低音歌唱家或低音

來源：
Middle English bas [low]
中古英語 bas [低的]
from Old French
源自 古法語
from Medieval Latin bassus
源自 中世紀(jì)拉丁語 bassus

【引伸】
base.ly
adv.（副詞）